This paper describes techniques that are being developed jointly by Cognitive and Behavioral Systems (CABS), Bevilacqua Research Corporation (BRC) and the University of Alabama, Huntsville (UAH) to address the knowledge engineering problems of today's decision aids. These techniques are based on the original Conceptual Graph work of John Sowa. Conceptual Graphs provide distinct advantages in semantic clarity, perceptual flexibility, and extensive reasoning capabilities. These developing techniques are applied to distinct models through three components. The techniques are first applied to the design of highly detailed situational knowledge models. Second, these techniques are applied to detailed operator knowledge models. The final component is tailored to perceptual and reasoning interactions of the operator models and the situational models that can lead to adaptive intelligent decision aids. This paper will describe the methods and the tools used by CABS, BRC and UAH to develop decision aid systems.